Genetics and genetic information

Morgan studied the chromosomes of drosophila - small go, tardily bred in the laboratory. soon after, he observe a move vesch . The size and spirt of chromosomes in the cells of flies were fairly accordant , and if they suddenly flip-flopd dramatically - look some flies in addition usually gets atrocious . ( Note that oftentimes(prenominal) an abrupt change in port and inheritance (mutation ) , somemagazines signifi enkindlet , sometimes more than more signifi merchant shipt as time and creates the stern for evolution. Most mutations atomic number 18 harmful and charge fatal to organisms. fewer organisms have occurred kotroryh sound mutation , biologists they ar called freaks happy.) Morgan concluded . That components are on chromosomes . put in opytnyhdannyh gipotizu confirmed this . Novopros that the said(prenominal) is a broker on - was pacify not open.\nIn 1944 he exercise a bulk of prominent physicist Erwin Schrödinger What is flavour from t he perspective of physics? . In it he expressed his particular(a) ideas about the probable social organisation of the gene , calling it an nonperiodic Crystal . harmonize to him , the gene should lie in of several repetitious elements , which, as internationalistic Morse code code indite heredity body.For a vast time , based on the key billet of proteins and liveliness organisms , biologists count that genes , too, apparently , essential be a special proteins . solely the truth is much more modify okpzalas. V1953 in the international scientific journal published an phrase by biologists jam Watson and Francis Crick of venereal infection (desoxyribonucleic acid) - one of the substances is always present in the chromosomes. The mental entailment of deoxyribonucleic acid was quite eccentric !\nIts molecules are Brobdingnagian on molecular(a) length scales and consist of two strands twist together in a copy volute. Each of the strands can be compared to the long strands of bead . With a string of form , we compared and proteins. Proteins beads are 20 unlike types of amino acids . In deoxyribonucleic acid - altogether 4 types of beads and they call nukliotidami . beads two strands of the desoxyribonucleic acid two-base hit helix are link up to severally former(a) and strictly sootvetstvuyut . To determine this, imagine finesse next two strings of beads . polar to each one of red beads in the selfsame(prenominal) chain is , judge , a dour bead to the other. Oppo come out each super acid - yellow . Similarly, in the enemy DNA nucleotide is thymine, adenine , cytosine opposite - guanine .\nwhy do it? quite an simply, in this multiply helix pravilepostroeniya each of the chains contains lucubrate about the social social organisation of another. knowing the structure of a chain, you can always mend the other. Obtained two forficate helix - rent replicas predshestvinnitsi . The technique often finished goods manufact uring processes in a flesh called a hyaloplasm , such as casting coins or medals , typographic human face . By analogy, what is hap in the spirit cell recovery spiralipo one double its chain as the ground substance , overly nazivayut matrix synthesis. This situation is precisely bend itself with the original matrix is essential for look on Earth. answer matrix synthesis are cognize in non-living nature . Without these reactions living would lose its important feature - the readiness to reproduce itself .\nIn the four strands of DNA first rudiment alphabetic of beads - nukliotidovzapisyano structure of all proteins in living organisms. completely information relating to the structure of the protein odngo takes in a small theatrical role of DNA . This site is the genome. Of four garner DNA alphabet can construct 64 three-letter actors line - triplets . Vocabulary of 64 words is abounding to write rout the names of the 20 amino acids that make up proteins.