Importance and uses of contrastive linguistics Essay

Introduction uncongenial philology, roughly defined as a subdiscipline of linguistics which is concerned with the par of two or more (subsystems of) terminologys, has long been associated primarily with terminology be lyingf. asunder from this applied aspect, however, it also has a strong notional character, contri thating to our judgement of phraseology typology and row universals. The sphere of two dictions in contrast, here called uncongenial analysis, has been referred to by a variety of names, not all of which mean the akin to all writers. One can find the following terms utilise discrepant studies, contrastive language studies, contrastive linguistics, applied contrastive studies, contrastive description and others. contrastive analysis investigates the differences mingled with couples (or small sets) of languages against the background of similarities and with the purpose of providing input to applied disciplines such as opposed language educational activit y and translation studies. With its largely descriptive reduce contrastive linguistics provides an port between scheme and application. It makes use of theoretical findings and models of language description just now is driven by the objective of applic cogency. Contrastive studies mostly deal with the coincidence of languages that argon socio-culturally linked, i.e. languages whose speech communities overlap in whatsoever way, typically through (natural or instructed) bilingualistism . Much progress has been made in classifying the languages of the estate into genetic families, each having descent from a single precursor, and in touch such ontogenesiss through time. The result is called comparative linguistics. Of even greater grandness for the future technology of thought is what might be called contrastive linguistics. This p attracters the keen differences among tongues in grammar, logic, and general analysis of experience.A study influence on the development of the c ontrastive analysis approach has been the interest shown in it by language find outers and gipers, and much CA has been undertaken with language instruct rather than translation in mind. One can prevent development of errors through a earlier contrastive analysis and error analysis, leading to the development of appropriate teaching materials toreinforce correct language learning.Relevance and uses of contrastive linguisticsThe relevancy of CL to translationThe emphasis of much of the work on CL on teaching and language learning raises questions abtaboo its relevance to translators. At a practical level, it is probably most expedient in pointing out areas where direct translation of a term or phrase go out not convey accurately in the assist language the mean meaning of the source. At a global level, it leads the translator to look at broader issues such as whether the organise of the discourse for a given school text-type is the analogous in both languages. Furthermore, although Contrastive Analysis is widely practised, in that location are a number of theoretical and practical problems in its application, all of which mustiness affect judgements as to its usefulness in preparing or evaluating translations. There is some overlap between these problems, provided they can nevertheless be cerebrate to specific difficulties of identifying a common ground for comparison, comparing descriptions of different languages, winning account of psycholinguistic and sociocultural factors, and taking account of extratextual and intertextual factors. Identifying a common ground for comparisonAll comparisons require that there be a common ground against which variation may be noted, a continuous that underlies and makes possible the variables that are identified. Fonnal similarity is unreliable for several reasons. In the first place, a particular grammatical structure in genius language may be a requirement while in another(prenominal) it may be one choi ce amongst several in the guerrilla place, the choice represented by a grammatical structure in one language may have a different consequence in that language from the choice represented by an apparently uniform structure in another language .in the third place, in one language a particular structure may be unmarked while in another it may be marked. A pair of sentences might be semantically and/or pragmatically equivalent but have widely varying likelihoods of occurrence in the languages from which they are drawn. A simple example of all these points is that of the Portuguese expression muito obrigado/a and the face expression much obliged. Theseare syntactically and semantically comparable but have a different likelihood of occurrence, muito obrigado/a being the normal way of thanking in Portuguese and much obliged being a rare and more restricted usage than thanks a lot (and other related expressions) in English. Comparing descriptions of different languagesApart from the a ccredited but unavoidable problems arising out of comparisons of descriptions that utilize different linguistic models, there are problems that arise even between descriptions that utilize the same categories and theoretical framework.Understanding between and among disparate stopping points has challenged mankind throughout history and understandably, communication, intercultural communication, is a identify element in achieving taking into custody. We believe a disciplined, linguistic approach to the study of intercultural communication, an approach that includes the building of linguistic corpora, research in contrastive rhetoric, and practical, veritable life application of the best practices learned, can provide important insights toward achieving understanding among cultures The relationship between contrastive analysis and translation The relationship between CL and translation is bidirectional. On the one hand, the translation of specific pieces of text may provide the data for CL On the other, CL may provide explanations of difficulties encountered in translation.The crucial factors here are what size of language sample has been chosen for translation, whether it is naturally occurring or fabricated for the purpose, and whether the translation is the analysts own. Though the focus of CL may continue to slipperiness towards pragmatics and discourse analysis, its use in translation is not inevitable. It is however incredible that it can be dispensed with completely either in the procreation of translators or in the assessment of translations, even in its more handed-down lexico-grammatical manifestations CL has arisen as a result of the needs of the language teaching profession and this project is no exception in that one of its major objectives is to provide teachers with assistance in the use of parallel concordancing in the classroom.It gives valuable evidence for translators on the transferability of certain collocations and colligations f rom one language to another. The future of CLs use in translation may well lie in projects such as this, which are capable of providing with equal preparedness explanations of past translating decisions and guidance as to prospective ones.As a useful learning toolKnowl frame in and understanding of languages is increasingly important, and this course focuses on how such knowledge can be applied. It helps learners know more clearly and finding similarities and differences between them, thereby detecting errors, which bilingual learners often make, and how to fix. This grant is based on contrastive linguistics. It uses many regularitys, especially contrastive method and surveys on grammatical aspect of these words. This study uses one-way transfer. We find a lot of two languages differences which may be make errors in structure and semantics. It is useful for bilingual learners to find mistakes which they can meet. Contrastive linguistic gives a comparative method to translate a lea rners idea in an informed way. Giving structure to his/her intuitive relationship to the language. This bilingual approach in cl saves the students infinite time and labour. It has been proven that students learn faster and more usefully using it.Since it is our nature to compare, Contrastive philology is the technique that clarifies our understanding of the language. For learners, similarities between languages arrive at no difficulties, while differences cause interference to learning. Through Contrastive Linguistics we can target and break up the typical difficulties and Common Mistakes of our students. We can examine aspects that would not normally be noticed without such comparison. Bi-lingual comparative courses overlap in fruitful quislingism with other approaches. They clear away students deep-rooted mistakes and empower teachers with the answers to many of their students doubts.In Language TeachingThe change that has to take place in the language behavior of a foreign language student can be equated with the differences between the structure of the students native language and culture and that of the target language and culture. The task of the linguist is to identify these differences. The task of the writer of a foreign language teaching program is to develop materials which allow be based on a statement of these differences the task of the foreign language teacher is to be aware of these differences and to be prepared to teach them the task of the student is to learn them.Importance of CL due to maturement demandThere is a growing demand from both prevalent and private sectors for professionals combining excellent language skills and sound linguistic theory and methodology. You study linguistic theory, description and methodology with a particular focus on corpus approaches and a strong multilingual component with full(prenominal) relevance for language professionals, especially in the field of foreign/second language learning, teaching (a nd testing), linguistics focusing on usage-based models and methods in language research and their applications, especially in multilingual contexts. It help students acquire the ability to read, write, speak, and understand world languages reach maximum capability with respect to communications, effective reasoning, and analytical thinking to educate students for living and working in a competitive global society.. As the field of linguistics became more authentic as a discipline, other scholars from different fields began to incorporate language-related topics into their work. Contrative Linguistics found its way into sociology, anthropology, language arts, foreign language learning and teaching. It helps the translators to fail the basic meaning and gist of the second language giving them an edge in interpretation jobs .